Which primary flight instruments provide information on pitch, bank, and yaw, and how do they convey that information?

Which primary flight instruments provide information on pitch, bank, and yaw, and how do they convey that information?

• A. Attitude indicator shows pitch and bank; heading indicator shows yaw via magnetic heading; turn coordinator shows rate of turn and coordination.
• B. Attitude indicator shows yaw; heading indicator shows pitch; turn coordinator shows bank.
• C. Airspeed indicator shows pitch; heading indicator shows altitude; turn coordinator shows roll.
• D. Attitude indicator shows pitch only; heading shows bank; turn coordinator shows yaw.

Answer: (A)

The main concept is how the primary flight instruments convey motion and orientation around the aircraft’s three axes: pitch, bank, and yaw. The attitude indicator is the instrument that shows pitch and bank: the artificial horizon tilts to reflect bank angle, and the position of the miniature airplane relative to that horizon indicates pitch. The heading indicator provides yaw information by displaying the aircraft’s magnetic heading on a rotating compass card, so you know which direction you’re pointing. For yaw rate and coordination during turns, the turn coordinator is used: it senses turn rate with a rate gyro and shows how fast you’re turning, while the ball in the inclinometer tells you whether the turn is coordinated. Together, these three instruments give a pilot a complete sense of attitude and how the aircraft is moving about each axis.

The main concept is how the primary flight instruments convey motion and orientation around the aircraft’s three axes: pitch, bank, and yaw. The attitude indicator is the instrument that shows pitch and bank: the artificial horizon tilts to reflect bank angle, and the position of the miniature airplane relative to that horizon indicates pitch. The heading indicator provides yaw information by displaying the aircraft’s magnetic heading on a rotating compass card, so you know which direction you’re pointing. For yaw rate and coordination during turns, the turn coordinator is used: it senses turn rate with a rate gyro and shows how fast you’re turning, while the ball in the inclinometer tells you whether the turn is coordinated.

Together, these three instruments give a pilot a complete sense of attitude and how the aircraft is moving about each axis.